Explore and analyse Websters treatment of women and their status in society as presented in The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi - Literature Essay Samples

Websters decision to cast strong female characters as the protagonists in his two most popular plays could have been considered highly controversial and unexpected by the audiences of his time. This unintended effect immediately seems to prompt a critical questioning of his rationale. The initial reaction of the modern theatre-goer prompted by the contentious discussion surrounding the strong central female characters in The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi may be to question whether Websters presentation of women in his plays is an accurate one, and if so, what the theatrical and social implications of this might amount to. However, perhaps a more relevant debate and one that might have been more interesting to the contemporary theatre-goer might take into account the playwrights presentation of the Duchess and Vittoria, but ultimately focus on whether Webster objectively had a social and moral purpose in furthering the rights of women at all (as it has been suggested). Alte rnatively, the argument that Webster was in fact merely a flamboyant showman wallowing in spectacular gore and death as part of an exciting plotline is another issue that should be considered when analysing the contentions of those critics that stand by the idea that Webster wrote simply to entertain his audiences, with no polemic in mind.Both the Duchess in The Duchess of Malfi and Vittoria in The White Devil display a failure, or at least a marked resistance, to conform to contemporary societal expectations, and yet they do so in quite different ways. While the Duchess seems to be presented as a virtuous and noble woman, Vittoria, appears at times to be more corrupt even than her unquestionably flawed society. However, the presentation of both female characters and their interactions with their male counterparts serve to highlight an intensely patriarchal society, apparently grounded in the strongly misogynistic streak particularly perceptible in the earlier Mediaeval Christianit y. Ferdinands very first orders to Bosola, To live ithe court, here: and observe the DuchessTo note all the particulars of her haviourWhat suitors do solicite her for marriageAnd whom she best affects: shes a young widow,I would not have her marry again (I, ii: 176 179), alert the audience to Ferdinands domineering, suspicious character. Even if convention held that noble widows should remain chaste after their husbands deaths, Ferdinands controlling nature may have seemed rather extreme even to the audiences of the time. Even Bosola questions, No sir? (line 180), but Ferdinands prompt rebuke, Do not you ask the reason: but be satisfied, I say I would not (181 182), is indicative of the threatening menace behind his actions. Evidence for this cruelty is found in Act III, scene ii, when Ferdinand hears from the Duchess that she has acted against his wishes and has remarried. His exceptionally hostile reaction to this information is to call her a vile woman (line 100) who should cut out [her] own tongueLest it bewray him [Antonio] (108 109). This response is part of a virulent attack that incorporates images of traditionally ominous night-time animals such as the wolf, the screech-owl, dogs, and monkeys; all animals frequently perceived as wicked. Directly associating these creatures with the lovers has the cumulative effect of insulting their honour and reputation in a very dark, threatening way.In a similar vein, Flamineo attempts to take control of his sister out of selfishness. Flamineos actions, however, contrast with Ferdinands command that the Duchess remain chaste. Flamineo seduces Vittoria in order to curry favour and further his career as the Dukes secretary. In doing so, he corrupts his sisters reputation; just as Ferdinand insulted Antonios honour, Flamineo slights Camillo: So unable to please a woman that like a Dutch doublet all his back is shrunk into his breeches (I, ii, 33 34). Vittoria is also subject to vitriolic abuse in the trial scene i n Act III: Monticelso, the Cardinal, labels her a whore (line 77), expounding upon that by describing whores using a number of grotesque similes: They are worse/Worse than dead bodies, which are beggd at gallows/And wrought upon by surgeons, to teach man/Wherein he is imperfect (95 98). The grotesque image of a rotting corpse juxtaposed against the clinical background of a surgeons table could be seen to mirror the situation in two ways: not only does it refer to Monticelsos metaphorical dissection of Vittoria as he publicly humiliates her, but it also reveals his belief that he is exposing her guilt. The latter interpretation seems to suggest Websters implicit undermining of Monticelsos perception of Vittoria. Webster compounds the apparent injustice against women by creating female protagonists who are intelligent, honourable and valiant even at the moment of death. Nowhere is this seen more clearly than in Act IV, scene i of The Duchess of Malfi, in which the Duchess, imprisone d and awaiting her inevitable murder, is subjected to a number of gruesome and cruel methods of psychological torture, including being forced to kiss a dead mans hand, see artificial figures of her Antonio and her children appearing as if they were dead, and having a group of madmen unleashed around her. However, her response to this persecution, though naturally one of horror, is always marked by extraordinary dignity. She courageously speaks out in defiance of Bosolas feigned reverence (All comfort to your Grace [line 18]), declaring almost insolently I will have none.Pray-thee, why dost thou wrap thy poisond pillsIn gold and sugar? (18 20). She displays her fortitude and strength of character when she aligns herself with Christ by forgiving her executioners and fixing her mind not on her imminent death, but on thother world (IV, ii, 213). Her intelligent powers of reasoning remain evident as she calmly explains to Bosola that she cannot be afraid of the manner of [her] death (21 3) with a number of astute rhetorical questions:What would it pleasure me, to have my throat cut/With diamonds? or to be smothered/With cassia? or to be shot to death, with pearls? (216 218). The Duchesss courage is also exemplified by her clever inversion of the horror of physical strangulation: she wills the executioners ropes to pull harder, wishing to figuratively pull heaven down towards her. In the audiences eyes, she dies the death of a martyr, slain at the hands of villains.Similarly, Webster seems to imbue Vittoria with an intelligence and calm endurance during her trial that contrasts sharply with the blustering lawyer and the venomous Monticelso. This serves to highlight the injustice being perpetrated against her. It is suggested that Vittorias rhetorical strategy of creating the impression of heroic scorn (That my defence of force like Perseus [135]) and innocence will convince the audience of her truthfulness, as she shrewdly comments, Temptation to lust proves not th e act (199). Her insistence that the lawyer speaks in the vernacular, not in hard and undigestible words (37) makes a pedantic fool of him; he stands in direct contrast to her marked lack of pretension. The injustice being perpetrated against Vittoria seems to be exacerbated by Websters presentation of her as judicious and incisive, not a whore.In creating The Duchess of Malfi and The White Devil, Webster draws on conventions endorsed by specific genres and various events from history, but transforms them for his own ends. One possible reason for these transformations is Websters desire to comment on the status of women, an endeavor that would have been impossible to achieve under traditional conventions. The Duchesss initiation of the wooing and marriage to her steward is indeed unconventional, as she herself admits when she says, For I am going into a wilderness,/Where I shall find nor path, nor friendly clew/To be my guide (I, i, 281 283). This is a clear inversion of the Jacobe an constraints of both gender and class. The traditional structure of a Jacobean drama is also significantly altered when the eponymous protagonist dies an entire act before the end of the play. Webster also chooses to significantly alter the historical scenarios behind his plots; these amendments frequently expose his desire to propel a more coherent, consistent message than that which could be conveyed with pure historical accuracy. For example, he chooses to allow the Duchesss eldest son to inherit the rank of his mother, thereby deviating from the source in order to authenticate her nonconformist marriage. Furthermore, in The White Devil Webster presents Isabella as virtuous and undeserving, pledging to pray for Bracciano and take on herself the blame for their separation, in hope of inspiring his repentance: I will make/Myself the author of your cursed vow (II, i, 217 218). However, the real Isabella was not nearly so virtuous indeed, she had another lover of her own. Similar ly, Webster intentionally omits the fact that Camillo (whose real name was Peretti) is actually very young: by transforming him into a feckless adult, he almost gives Vittoria an excuse for her adulterous behavior. While Websters deviations from traditional conventions and the original historical sources may simply be consequences of his desire for a different, perhaps more exciting, plot, it could also be suggested that the playwright wished to accentuate the virtuous characteristics of women and the negative attributes of men, thereby drawing attention to the gender divide.However, in exploring Websters treatment of the status of women in sixteenth-century Britain, it is important to look beneath the surface in order to avoid oversimplifying either the characters or our reactions to them. Closer analysis reveals that Webster actually created the Duchess and Vittoria not only as stock oppressed female characters, merely illustrations of the social constraints placed upon women at t he time, but also as realistic, human characters with a value that transcended mere representations of typical, noble, sixteenth-century Italian women. He does this by creating complex, multilayered characters: while stock characters would fit into a single mold (for example, tragic), these characters exhibit contradictions that seem to reveal their humanity. In examining this, we realize that the Duchess is a simplerfigure than Vittoria (although both exemplify human qualities). For example, while Vittoria is ultimately presented as a victim, swept up in the corruption of court life by the ambitious men around her, she herself is actually an adulterous woman who should most likely be vilified by the audience of the time. However, the audience is led to pity Vittoria, since the plays viewpoint is ambiguous. At times, Webster confuses our viewpoint in an effort to prompt us either to take an unconventional or unprecedented view, or enhance ambiguity by not explicitly instructing us about which viewpoint to take. For example, the plays perspective on the Duchesss re-marriage is ambiguous, and seems to emphasise her courage rather than her foolhardiness. The Renaissance was a time during which the individual was emphasized: this can be extended, although in a far more limited sense, to an increased emphasis placed on women, as well. In Websters works, the female protagonists actions are initially presented as heroic. However, the fate of the Duchess complicates this view, suggesting that female heroicism in such a patriarchal society has its limitations: were her actions really worth her death? The plays overt tragedy is often undermined by its subtle satire: quite often, this satire is perpetrated by Flamineo. This tragicomic aspect adds to the ambiguity that surrounds Websters presentation of an entire society steeped in exploitation and deception. It is perhaps because of this Webster was able to prevent the audience from sympathizing with individual characte rs, instead drawing our attention to the corruption of the society as a whole. One might easily conclude that Webster did not write either The Duchess of Malfi or The White Devil as a treatise on womens rights. While the sixteenth century did see the beginnings of the challenge to the status quo, and assertive female characters began to appear in dramatic works, actual changes for the better in the position of women at this time were distinctly limited. Dollimore suggests that rather than presenting a case for female emancipation, most Jacobean tragedy including Websters actually underscored the oppression of women, since this exploitation was part of the social order observed by the playwright. Webster, one might conclude, was not a radical he was not really trying to alter the perceived status of women. Instead, Webster harnessed the baser human instincts of his characters to show two sides of humanity positive and negative. It is thus possible to view his plays more as an obs ervational commentary on society than as a radical polemic.

Transcendentalism and Into the Wild - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1827 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/06/16 Category Philosophy Essay Level High school Tags: Into The Wild Essay Transcendentalism Essay Did you like this example? Into the Wild recalls the story of Chris McCandless and his journey into the Alaskan frontier. Throughout this experience Chris’s values, choices, beliefs and lifestyle are all examined. McCandless’s ideals and actions mirrored that of the transcendentalism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Transcendentalism and Into the Wild" essay for you Create order Transcendentalism was a movement in the 1830-40’s. This group led by Ralph Waldo Emerson had a unique set of beliefs and values. The group’s views were transfixed on individuality, the limitless potential of humans, emotion and feeling over intellect, â€Å"Transcendentalists believed in numerous values, however they can all be condensed into three basic, essential values: individualism,idealism, and the divinity of nature† (CITE), all of which are apparent through McCandless’s life. Chris was a nonconformist who found himself in solitude, and nature. Chris wanted to find and fill a transcendent experience. Transcendentalism was a movement in the 1830’s and 40’s in New England. They believed everyone could transcend limits and had limitless potential. They also believed that routine and constancy was never good for anyone and avoided it. Individualism was a priority for them, and they held this belief towards many topics including government. They did not believe in big-government but rather in self government. The transcendentalists valued self-reliance has a way of life that mirrored their sporadic lifestyles. The first sign of Chris McCandless’s lifestyle, beliefs and values mirrored the transcendentalist philosophy, when upon graduating from college Chris changed his name. â€Å" he intended to invent an utterly new life for himself, one in which he would be free to wallow in unfiltered experience. To symbolize the complete severance from his previous life, he even adopted a new name.† (Krauknaur 18). He name himself Alexander Supertramp. This completely defies what society puts in place as a guideline for traditional life. By stripping himself of his birth name, it was representative of him starting a new life. He was longer following the blazed by his parents or society. He was going against the grain. Chris’s â€Å"‘great Alaskan odyssey†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬  (Kraunaur 33) was completely representative of the transcendentalist philosophy. One concept the transcendentalists believed was that personal experience led to the deepest truth. By going to Alaska by himself and experiencing it without restrictions, Chris was able to fully obtain his own personal truth and find himself as a person. This is evident through the journal excerpt left by Chris. Chris disregarded rules as pointless and did not follow them unless he thought necessary. Even in his teenage years he showed a strong disregard of the restrictions imposed by others. His highschool teacher had specific rules on the format of a lab reports, â€Å"Chris thought it was a stupid rule and decided to ignore it† (Krakauer 76), and as a result he received an F in the class. Similarly, the transcendentalists believed that each person had the right to make decisions for themselves without influence from higher authority. Their views were the same as Chris’s, as they too thought the rules set by other were of little importance. Individual conscience was more important than laws or rules. Leaders of the movement, such as Henry David Thoreau, encouraged this behavior of self government and the disillusionment with large overbearing governments. McCandless also voices his opinion on government, â€Å"How I feed myself is none of the government’s business. F *** their stupid rules† (Krakauer 7). Both agreed that government should not have such an active role. Henry David Thoreau voiced this through his writing, Civil Disobedience, â€Å"I believe,—â€Å"That government is best which governs not at all†¦Ã¢â‚¬  They both share the view of self-government/authority. Transcendentalist valued in individuality and self-reliance. They believed personal growth was achieved through experience. The purpose of Chris’s journey was to find himself and prove to himself that he could make it on his own. In the Alaskan frontier he was completely self-reliant having to fend for himself in entirety. Chris secluded himself from the town in attempt to find himself. He cut off relationship with his family and a â€Å"normal† lifestyle. Henry David Thoreau embarked on a similar endeavor which he accounted in his writing, Walden. He spent two years at Walden where he attempted to live secluded and off the grid. When Ron Franz tried to adopt Chris as his grandson, Chris was hesitant towards his offer. In a letter he sent to Fran his strong belief of individuality was evident, â€Å"You are wrong if you think Joy emanates only or principally from human relationships† (Kraunaur 41). Chris’s lifestyle was also very unpredictable, he never stayed in one place for an extended amount of time. This corresponds to the belief that routine is bad for a person. Transcendentalist believed that consistency and routine should be avoided, and that changing behavior is necessary to learn. Routines combat and diminish individuality. Chris tried to defies this sense of confinement and â€Å"We just have to have the courage to turn against our habitual lifestyle and engage in unconventional living† (Krauknaur 41). He alienate himself from others. Much like the transcendentalist, Chris believed in simplicity. â€Å"I say, let your affairs be as two or three, and not a hundred or a thousand; instead of a million count half a dozen, and keep your accounts on your thumb nail† (Walden). People often get caught up in the details and loose focus on the important things. As best quoted by Henry David Thoreau, â€Å"Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity!† This is the lifestyle that McCandless embodied and pursued. He ventured into the Alaskan frontier with only the bare essentials. The amount of supplies he had for his journey seemed minimal, â€Å"His gear seemed exceedingly minimal for the harsh conditions of the interior, which in April still lay buried under the winter snowpack† (Kraukaur 6). This new life he was trying to find was one that was desolate. In college Chris’s apartment was bare and desolate, only a few thing were in the space. â€Å"I don’t want to know what time it is. I donâ€℠¢t want to know what day it is or where I am. None of that matters† (CITE). Chris did not see value in materialistic things. He burnt all of his money and abandoned his car because he simply did not need them, â€Å"He changed his name, gave the entire balance of a twenty-four-thousand-dollar savings account to charity, abandoned his car and most of his possessions, burned all the cash in his wallet† â€Å"McCandless documented the burning of his money†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Krauknaur 21). He never allowed society’s standards to define him. His give all of his money away to the OXFAM America charity. This simplistic lifestyle was preached by transcendentalist, such as Thoreau. â€Å"Instead of three meals a day, if it but necessary eat one; instead of a hundred dishes, five; and reduce other things in proportion†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Walden). Nothing in excess was preached, and the main focus was trying to achieve this transcendental experience Kinship and unity with nature was highly valued belief within both of their lifestyles. Nature was regarded as a guide for humanity. Chris had sought the guidance when went into the woods in search of himself. Also when he shot and killed the moose he was excited but soon became distraught over the act, â€Å"I now wish I had never shot the moose. One of the greatest tragedies of my life† (Krauknaur 114). This displays his deep connection to nature. â€Å"If a plant cannot live according to its nature, it dies; and so a man† (Thoreau #). Chris alway felt rejuvenated and childlike in nature. Even into his twenties he felt the same way, â€Å"Chris loved those trips, the longer the better. There was always a little wanderlust in the family, and it was clear early on that Chris had inherited it† (Krauknaur 75). His family was sure to note the contentment he got from these excursions. In Nature, by Ralph Waldo Emerson, he states, â€Å"The lover of nature is he whos e inward and outward senses are still truly adjusted to each other; who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood† (Nature). This corresponds to the trandentalistic belief that nature makes any one feel youthful. The transcendentalist were nonconformists, viewing society a thief of individuality. Chris, along with transcendentalist, were fed up with society trying to conform them. People often talked about Chris voicing his views on this topic, â€Å"he’d fulminate about his parents or politicians or the endemic idiocy of mainstream American life† (Kraunaur 37). Both believed that Careers are meant to constant and stable. They tend to keep a person in the sam spot for and extended period of time. Chris had no intention of settling down and finding a career prior to his trip. â€Å"When Walt and Billie suggested that he needed a college degree to attain a fulfilling career, Chris answered that careers were demeaning â€Å"twentieth-century inventions,† more of a liability than an asset, and that he would do fine without one, thank you† (Kraukanur 79). â€Å"Imitation is Suicide† (Self-Reliance). To be the same has everyone else was not something they wanted. The first sign of Chris McCandless’s lifestyle, beliefs and values mirrored the transcendentalist philosophy, when upon graduating from college Chris changed his name. â€Å" he intended to invent an utterly new life for himself, one in which he would be free to wallow in unfiltered experience. To symbolize the complete severance from his previous life, he even adopted a new name.† (Krauknaur 18). He name himself Alexander Supertramp. This completely defies what society puts in place as a guideline for traditional life. By stripping himself of his birth name, it was representative of him starting a new life. He was longer following the blazed by his parents or society. It was quite evident that Chris had no intention of settling down and finding a career prior to his trip. â€Å"When Walt and Billie suggested that he needed a college degree to attain a fulfilling career, Chris answered that careers were demeaning â€Å"twentieth-century inventions,† more of a liability than an asset, and that he would do fine without one, thank you† (Kraukanur 79). This mirrors the transcendentalist value of avoiding constiancy. They had drilled Chris with the thoughts of Harvard Medical School, which for them meant happiness and success. But this was not what Chris wanted for himself, thus the name change was him breaking out of this mold and animated life they had created for him. â€Å"When Walt and Billie suggested that he needed a college degree to attain a fulfilling career, Chris answered that careers were demeaning â€Å"twentieth-century inventions,† more of a liability than an asset, and that he would do fine without one, thank youâ €  (Kraukanur 79). He did not want to be like everyone else which showed his individualism and how he was avoiding consistency, When he is hopeful of return, he writes â€Å"happiness is real when shared† (Kraunaur #). Prior to his exertion he had a completely different mindset, but after experiencing life in the wild he was able to find out what his true beliefs and values were.

Reflection Essay - 697 Words

Upon further review of my past papers, I found some small grammatical errors that needed to be edited. In my unit one paper, there were a few errors that you had marked. I fixed those oversights then continued on with my revisions. In the second paragraph, I moved a comment to after a citation section in order to back up the information with my own thoughts as I had learned a little further in the semester. Another change I had made was to change a word that was repeated multiple times in a sentence. I also revised unit twos paper. I had received a perfect score on my paper, but upon rereading, I noticed a few things that I felt should be changed. They were not big changes, but I believe the modifications helped the information flow†¦show more content†¦I certainly learned a lot through writing that type of paper though. I learned mainly that you can’t just read a story. You have to read into it and look for the author’s possible meaning behind it in o rder to achieve a greater understanding of the work. Choosing my topics for my papers and narrowing down my information were the most challenging aspects for me. I changed my topics multiple times on each paper and did not decide on one until pretty close to the deadlines. Narrowing down the information I found was difficult because all the information seemed as if it would fit well in my paper, but if I were to include it all, my paper would drone on and on. I struggled with trying to decide which points to eliminate and which ones to keep. Thankfully, with the help of my family, I was able to decide which ones to include. In order to keep my thoughts together, I really focused on having a clear and precise outline. I made sure that I worked on my outline when I was alert and was able to focus so it was thought out in the best possible manner. 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Essay on Leadership Styles - 795 Words

The leadership styles of the United States Presidents can make them effective or it can limit their effectiveness. The effectiveness of the President has direct effect on the American people. Presidents Dwight Eisenhower and John Kennedy were two leaders that had major influences in the mid-20th century. Both men played a key role in the United States involvement in Vietnam. The experiences, styles of leading, and characteristics of both President’s Dwight Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy intensified the level of involvement the United States had in the Vietnam experience. Even though the leadership styles may have differed, the two leaders refused to let communism spread (Moss, 2010). Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy’s leadership†¦show more content†¦President Eisenhower gave the command to intervene in southern Vietnam and replace the French (Moss, 2010). This was to maintain a non-Communist state thereby halting the potential spread of Communism. President Kennedy was interested in multiple perspectives on policy; he listened to different sources on conflicting views and planned for debates prior to decision making (Preston, 2001). Kennedy wanted political rest and peace in Vietnam but knew that without US involvement, the fighting and attacks on Vietnam would increase. Because of this, the United States became more heavily involved which meant more military forces and money being spent. Kennedy had made decisions to violate the provisions of the Geneva agreements of 1954, thereby increasing the U.S. military significantly in Vietnam. â€Å"Kennedy was not trying to win in Vietnam: he was doing only enough not to lose† (Moss, 2010). This sense of leadership by Kennedy was devised to protect the U.S. by only having a limited partnership with the Vietnam government. For President Kennedy, as a Director, he kept active involvement in policy process and needed assurance that his own thoughts and ideas would dominate the end result. However, as the Navigator, he trusted his advisory team and kept an open advisory system â€Å"characterized by a mixed formal-informal advice network† (Preston, 2001). With the dual leadership style the President called forShow MoreRelatedLeadership Styles : Leadership Style780 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Leadership style is designed according to a pioneer s behaviors, which is enveloped under behaviorist theory. Inside of this class, distinctive examples of leadership behavior are watched and classified as leadership styles. Practicing managers have a tendency to be the most keen on looking into this specific theory in light of the fact that with it leaders can modify their style taking into account the convictions, values, inclinations and society of the association they work for.Read MoreLeadership Styles Of Leadership Style1399 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is leadership? Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines leadership as â€Å"the power or ability to lead other people†. Although this is simply put, it is also correct. But leadership is much more than the ability to lead. The ability is one piece of the puzzle. Other pieces to consider in leadership are education, attributes, and style, just to name a few. In this assignment, I will focus on leadership style. Speci fically, I will discuss my style according to the assessment developed byRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles897 Words   |  4 PagesThe last style of leadership is delegative leadership in which the leader delegates tasks to the employees. This leader is able to derive satisfaction from allowing the staff to participate in decision making responsibilities (Brody and Nair, 2014, p. 4). These leadership styles are not set in stone and characteristics may overlap into other leaderships styles. The leadership style that would best suit a rural area is participate leadership style. In rural areas agencies and organizations lack resourceRead MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Style851 Words   |  4 Pageswant to give critical thought to your unique leadership style and foster genuine followership, learn from what’s out there and weave it into something meaningful and authentic.† (Feiner, 2015) For the last two weeks, I have spent time self-analyzing and soul searching to identify the qualities I bring to a leadership role. Many of the core values important to me also align between the participative leadership style and laissez-faire leadership style. These values include working in a team environmentRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style995 Words   |  4 PagesLeaders are expected to use a leadership style, communication skills, and their knowledge of interpersonal and team dynamics to create an appropriate quality of work life for their followers in the workplace. A leadership style is a combination of a leader’s attitude, expertise, character, and values that is exhibited in the leader’s behavior. Each style of leadership reflects a leader’s beliefs about a follower’s capabilities. A follower’s perception of leadership style really matters to them, as theyRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles934 Words   |  4 PagesThere is much that is written about leadership; like books on l eadership styles, techniques and also biographies of leaders that have inspired people to action. While this is true, there is the everyday leadership and a slightly different outlook to leadership as well. Here are a few of them. 1. There Are Different Kinds of Leaders Among leaders are formal and informal leaders. Formal leaders are elected to their positions like congressmen, senators and office bearers of clubs. Informal leadersRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style979 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own leadership style. In her article, Johnson (n.d.) discusses five leadership styles: Laissez-Faire, autocratic, transactional, transformational and participative. Laissez-Faire has a French origin and it means â€Å"a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering† (Oxford dictionaries, 2016). When leaders take total control, such as making all decisions alone and does not ask for the input of the employees, they are using the autocratic leadership style. ThisRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesprobably feel as if they know enough about leadership to speak on the subject. In many cases, however, this is not truly the case at all. Leadership is a broad concept , and there are several different styles and approaches to consider when studying the topic. It is important to consider these styles and approaches when evaluating the effectiveness, or lack thereof, of any particular form of leadership. With that in mind, this essay will consider the leadership styles of two leaders who are involved in theRead MoreThe Leadership Style Of Leadership Styles1994 Words   |  8 Pagesthat leadership is a kind of ability or activity which a leader could straight affect and guide their followers to achieve certain objectives in the specific situation (John Calvin Maxwell,2011). The shifting internal elements and increasing external competitions have posed growing demanding to managers’ leadership approaches. However, managers are provided with various personalities or perspectives, accordingly, managers are not accomplishing their aims by using similar styles. The leadership styleRead MoreLeadership Styles Of Leadership Style1088 Words   |   5 PagesConsider what leadership or management style speaks most to you. Discuss that particular style, explain why it fits you better than others. Alternatively, consider the leadership or management style fits you least. Explain what is least desirable with that style from your perspective. What leadership or management style speaks most to me? They are a few leadership styles that I venerate. The Transformational Leadership, the Visionary Leadership, and the Charismatic Leadership styles are the most

cosmetic surgery - 3317 Words

Cosmetic Surgery Is Moving Toward Multiethnic Beauty Ideals The increasing number of nonwhites getting cosmetic surgery is helping society accelerate from a crawl to a full-bore sprint toward one truly melted, fusion community. In the following viewpoint, Anupreeta Das questions whether minorities go under the knife to look more Caucasian. She suggests that as ethnically ambiguous beauties emerge in entertainment and the media, many African American, Asian, and Latino cosmetic-surgery patients want changes that harmonize with their ethnic features. In fact, Das states more surgeons today are specializing in race-specific procedures. This blending and reducing of racial characteristics through cosmetic surgery allow†¦show more content†¦And the increasing number of nonwhites getting cosmetic surgery is helping society accelerate from a crawl to a full-bore sprint toward one truly melted, fusion community. There were 11.5 million cosmetic procedures done in 2005, including surgical ones such as face lifts and rhinoplasties and nonsurgical ones such as Botox shots and collagen injections. One out of every five patients was of African, Asian, or Hispanic descent (separate statistics arent available for white versus nonwhite Hispanics). According to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, the number of minority patients undergoing cosmetic procedures increased from 300,000 in 1997 to 2 million in 2005. Although the total demand for cosmetic procedures also increased—from 2 million in 1997 to 11.5 million in 2005—the rate of increase for minorities is higher than the overall rate. (Women account for more than nine-tenths of all cosmetic procedures.) Different ethnic and racial groups favor different procedures. Statistics compiled by the AAFPRS show that in 2005, more than six out of every 10 African-Americans getting cosmetic surgery had nose jobs. Unlike rhinoplasties performed on Caucasians, which may fix a crooked bridge or shave off a hump, doctors say African-American and Asian-American nose reshaping usually leads to narrower nostrils, a higher bridge, and a pointier tip. For Asian-Americans,Show MoreRelatedCosmetic Plastic Surgery : Cosmetic Surgery994 Words   |  4 PagesOther failures related to cosmetic plastic surgery are often linked to the use of Botox. For instance, e all know or have seen this one person who has received an excess of Botox injections and ended up having unnaturally, protruding cheeks. Although using Botox is nonsurgical, it is still classified as cosmetic plastic surgery because it restrains our muscles from carrying out any movement. Many people believe that since this process does not involve cutting through a patient’s skin, it does entailRead MoreCosmetic Surgery : Surgery And Surgery2299 Words   |  10 PagesSydnee Mangette Cosmetic Surgery Beauty is in the eye of the beholder, but this statement is often ignored today. Beauty is very much valued in our society today, and to become more beautiful, people look to cosmetic surgery. There are two categories of cosmetic surgery: invasive and minimally invasive surgeries. Minimally invasive surgeries, like laser hair removal, are often called surface treatments. These procedures require little time and no cuts or actual surgery procedures are performedRead MoreCosmetic Surgery1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe Negative and Positive Effects of Cosmetic Surgery Are you considering cosmetic surgery? The numbers of individuals electing these surgeries are growing rapidly each year. Much of this rapid growth is because of advances in technology that have made plastic surgery techniques both safer and more affordable, as well as cutting down on recovery time. Cosmetic surgery improves body image and self-esteem and reconstructive surgery fixes irregularities such as hereditary disorders, birthRead MorePlastic Surgery : Cosmetic And Cosmetic Surgery879 Words   |  4 PagesI) Definition Cosmetic and plastic surgery According to the merriam-Webster website, plastic surgery is another common word for Cosmetic Surgery which means, in general, a type of operation to improve parts of the body. The medical term of Plastic Surgery comes from Greek in 1638. Cosmetic is a type of ornamental surgery which helps patients to reform and rebuild part or demonstrative of their body in order to embellish their appearance and be beautiful. The defect for that could be congenitalRead MoreCosmetic Surgery1507 Words   |  7 PagesShould cosmetic surgery be encouraged to the general public? Cosmetic surgery is defined as â€Å"any medical operation which is intended to improve a person’s appearance rather than their health† (Cambridge Dictionary, 2003, p.275). By definition, cosmetic surgery is a common practice used to modify the physical outlook of people, especially for women. This is definitely a luxury, which is not necessary to the public. Starting from the 20th century, however, cosmetic surgery is no longer a luxuryRead MoreEssay on Cosmetic Surgery1370 Words   |  6 PagesCosmetic Surgery Cosmetic surgery has been a growing fascination for many people over the last couple of decades. The public eye has been watching movie stars and rock stars enhance their looks by getting breast implants, nose jobs, lip jobs etc. In Gary Schaefer’s article, â€Å"Emerging From Stigma, Cosmetic Surgery Remaking Face of Japan† from the Edmonton Journal, we hear the story of a nineteen year old woman named Risa Arato. She had a makeover done on the prime time Japanese television showRead MoreCosmetic Surgery : Surgery And Surgery Essay1074 Words   |  5 PagesCosmetic surgery is unlikely to change your life; it just changes your outward appearance to others. Cosmetic surgery can be very successful, but it is not risk-free; even though laser cosmetic surgery poses fewer risks than invasive surgery. After selecting and meeting with physicians for your cosmetic surgery, you will have to pick the one that fits your budget and personality. As people grow older, certain th ings play a big role in making skin look wrinkly and old that cosmetic surgery cannotRead MoreEthics in Cosmetic Surgery1367 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the world are choosing to have cosmetic surgery. It seems to be an easy fix to problems that people perceive, even if the problems are natural, like breast size. In a sociological study done in the UK, the author found that â€Å"[T]o have breast implants requires a major medical procedure, but they are sold as a fashion accessory and the procedure is framed as a beauty treatment rather than an operation by those who sell it† (Taylor). While many cosmetic surgeries are fairly simple procedures, thereRead MorePlastic Surgery And Cosmetic Surgery1496 Words   |  6 PagesPlastic surgery has become an extremely popular trend throughout the past years of the American culture. There are many reasons why people get plastic surgery, however, our society is the first to judge an individual for getting a procedure done. The controve rsy regarding plastic surgery is extremely relevant and has received major attention through celebrities, television, and social media. However, many individuals are unaware that there is a difference between both plastic surgery and cosmetic surgeryRead MoreThe Beauty Of Cosmetic Surgery899 Words   |  4 Pagesartificial enhancement. The interest of celebrity is gazing at their body-parts, and it links the relationship between celebrity culture and cosmetic surgery. While there is a desire on being alike to the celebrity can achieve beauty, the demand of cosmetic surgery has increased in the society. As not many people could meet the standard of beauty, cosmetic surgery is the fastest way to obtain a perfect body and is generally accepted by the public nowadays. It allows the commodification of the body. Swami

Martin luther kings i have a dream speech Essay Example For Students

Martin luther kings i have a dream speech Essay King was basically a peaceful leader who urged non-violence to his followers. He traveled about the country giving speeches that inspired black and white listeners to work together for racial harmony. Martin Luther King appeared to many as calm and idealistic. Many say his calmness came from his peaceful, middle-class life. For instance, King preached about equality for blacks and whites. He also preached about getting this equality through a non-violent way. Kings popularity was more than any other black leaders popularity. King urged blacks to win their rightful place in society by gaining self-respect, high moral standards, hard work and leadership. He also urged blacks to do this in a non-violent matter. His speeches were given to encourage white and black people to work together for racial harmony. He especially wanted to teach impressionable black youth that equality could be gained through non-violent methods. These ideals are reflected in his famous I have a dream speech, where King addressed to over 250 000 people. In this speech, King urges black people to never forget their dreams, he preaches that in the eyes of God, the blacks are as good as any other race and should be treated as equals. .

Benefits of Machine Learning in ERP-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Analyze the benefits of Machine learning in ERP. Answer: Introduction: This research proposal discusses about the various benefits of machine learning in ERP. It will define the world of IT and software for the future. In every industry, complex and analytical tasks are automated and improved to increases the accuracy and efficiency of the business. Significance of the Study of Machine Learning: Through this study machine learning can be integrated to business to use ERP by improving the accuracy of predictive analytics. Tailoring ERP is another benefit that integrates machine learning (Pavaloiu, 2016). ERP gains insight to workflow, process and customers tweaked with the application of machine learning. Problem Statement: With the increase use of machine learning there has arise a limitations and challenges. Susceptible error becomes difficult to diagnose and correct the complex algorithm. The statistical truth of machine learning is the lack of variability and problem in the verification process. Aim and Objective: Project Aim: The aim of this proposal is to analyze and replace the current technology by machine learning (Qayyum Abbasi, 2017). This study will focus companies using machine learning to expand their growth and to optimize the process. This will increase the satisfaction of the customer and improve the engagement of the employee. Project Objective: To provide the benefits of machine learning in ERP To identify the limitations of the use of machine learning in ERP To improve the work process by machine learning Research Question What are the advantage and opportunity of machine learning in ERP? What are the limitations of the use of machine learning in ERP? How industry improve their work process by machine learning? References Qayyum, S., Abbasi, A. (2017). Framework to enhance ERP usability by machine learning based requirements prioritization.Journal of Software,12(8), 664-671. Pavaloiu, A. (2016). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Global Trends.Journal of Multidisciplinary Developments,1(1), 21-37. (Pavaloiu, 2016)