5 Words Caught in Semantic Drift

5 Words Caught in Semantic Drift 5 Words Caught in Semantic Drift 5 Words Caught in Semantic Drift By Mark Nichol Is it conceivable to at the same time appreciate the dynamic quality and adaptability of the English language and protest about movements in implying that deny the language of a portion of its wealth? I realize it is, on the grounds that I frequently do as such. Due to the natural idea of language, English is a survivor of semantic float not as destructive as mainland float, however recognizable on the thoroughness scale and I lament the loss of the remote. Semantic float is the development that happens in the importance of certain words when thoughtless, oblivious use adjusts or even turns around their faculties. Such change is inescapable, however permit me to grieve the passing of a word to a great extent, never again to be pertinent to a thought or picture with such fresh lucidity. Here are five terms spoiled by semantic float: 1. Bother The pith of disturb is in that spot in the center: grav-, the base of gravity and grave (as in â€Å"serious†; the word for the resting spot of a final resting place has an alternate etymological beginning). The Latin word gravis implies â€Å"heavy,† and disturb initially actually implies â€Å"to make heavy†; the first sense was â€Å"to make worse.† Yet, very quickly and normally, in light of the fact that a weight is bothering it procured the extra feeling of â€Å"exasperate.† Use of that significance currently prevails. Scholar H. W. Fowler broadcasted that â€Å"to make worse† is the main right feeling of disturb; he was without a doubt bothered (not exasperated) to realize that mainstream utilization challenged his pronouncement. 2. Dazed The foundation of this word, muse, implies â€Å"to think or ponder,† however it has an entertaining beginning; it is from a Latinate expression for â€Å"snout† and became related with contemplation from the picture of lifting one’s nose noticeable all around, maybe to sniff a fragrance and think about its source. (It is obviously inconsequential to, however affected by, muse, which means â€Å"to think,† from the name of the Muses, the Greek goddesses of expressions of the human experience and sciences; this is likewise the beginning of exhibition hall and music.) Confounded (â€Å"confused†) is frequently mistaken for interested (â€Å"comically entertained†) in view of their unique closeness of importance: Bemused truly implies â€Å"thoroughly thinking,† proposing being befuddled by deduction to an extreme, while the exacting significance of delighted is â€Å"without thought,† with the implication of being redirected from intuition by some cheerful amusement. In any case, bemusement is not kidding business. 3. Bewildered This word, taken actually from the Latin words for no and then some, initially was utilized in the thing structure to portray a point from which one couldn't proceed on the grounds that one was bewildered. For a long time, that’s what the word implied. In any case, sooner or later during the twentieth century, individuals mysteriously started to expect that it alludes to the contrary express, that of being determined (not unphased!) or calm, as though being plussed were a condition of bewilderment and astounded in this manner implies â€Å"not bewildered.† The antonymic meaning before long turned into a web sensation, and now one is probably going to be hazy about which meaning a speaker or essayist has at the top of the priority list. At the point when that occurs, maybe it’s best to resign a word out and out and luckily for this situation, at any rate confused and bewildered endure (for the present) with unequivocal synonymic meaning. 4. Sentimentality This fight was lost some time in the past, however the contextual analysis is intriguing. Sentimentality was begat (from the initial segment of the Greek word for â€Å"homecoming† and the Latin postfix - algia itself initially from Greek and significance â€Å"pain†) in the late 1600s to allude to the strict torment of achiness to visit the family. For two centuries, wistfulness was treated as a genuine disease endured by warriors and other people who endured illnesses brought about by a melancholic aching for home. That clinical sense itself died, and however wistfulness kept on alluding to pining to go home, that importance was overwhelmed by the possibility of a nostalgic longing for a lost state or condition, for the most part transiently as opposed to spatially permanent. In any case, I’m nostalgic about the lost significance. 5. Amble For a long time, attractive implied â€Å"luxurious, joy chasing, dedicated to sexy gratification† (the Latin root is voluptas, which means â€Å"pleasure†), yet back in the mid 1800s, the word came to be related principally with female magnificence, and later the essential sense moved to that of shapeliness. Here are some different words that have been influenced by semantic float. Need to improve your English quickly a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Misused Words classification, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational WritingConfusing Went with PastMay Have versus Might Have

Documents Free Essays

Organization and Related Streams How To Use The Business Report Template (rendition 1. 0) Formal business reports are set up in an unexpected arrangement in comparison to papers or other scholarly assignments. Getting ready proficient reports, and recommendations, will assist you with conveying your plans to your managers while additionally adding to your incentive as a worker. We will compose a custom exposition test on Reports or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now This is a significant ability to create and rehearse while here at Centennial. Business composing ought to include three key advances: Planning Writing Completing Planning: Analyzing the circumstance or point. Characterizing the reason, the â€Å"business problem† or opportunity’ that a report may address. Planning a primary message for your report †regularly this includes proposing an answer or reaction to the reason. Building up a crowd of people profile. Social affair data. As it were, essential and optional research, as required. Sorting out the data: Creating a diagram or structure for the key focuses that should be communicated. Composing: Adapting to the crowd. Building up a tone or style that is touchy to crowd needs while anticipating and securing your organization’s picture and additionally brand. Creating the message: Follow the blueprint arranged before, utilizing deliberately trained sections and sentences. Recognize or make any visual or realistic portrayals of information that you need to utilize. Finishing: Revising: Proofread and alter for spelling, language structure and typographical mistakes. Re-compose for succinctness and clearness. To help you with the arranging of such records, we have arranged a format that you can use to manage you through the report readiness process. Download the layout. Spare one â€Å"master † duplicate to utilize again later on. Spare another duplicate with another document name that mirrors your report or task. Guidelines are given and featured in yellow. Peruse all guidelines and erase them when you no longer need them. Supplant every single other component (titles, headings, test content, and so on ) with YOUR substance, as taught. At the point when you wrap up the layout, the last archive ought to contain your own unique work, designed as a standard business report. All directions or models given in this format ought to be either erased or supplanted with your own substance. Guidelines for the spread page: The following page is a spread page and contains the report title (obligatory), a caption (discretionary) and data on the writer, the target group (for this situation, a roofless), and the date it was readied. Each business report ought to have a title that mirrors its substance or â€Å"main message†. The title ought to be in a similar textual style as the body of your work, however at any rate twice as extensive as your ordinary content. It ought to be focused, striking, underlined and ought to show up around 33% to mostly down the page from the top. Contingent upon the nature and substance of the report, you may conclude that a caption is fitting. For instance, a report about reusing in Toronto may appear as though this: Recycling In Toronto Saving The City One Plastic Bottle At A Time Titles don't require accentuation, in spite of the fact that you can utilize a colon toward the finish of the title in the event that you choose to utilize a caption. This is discretionary. Rules in regards to textual styles and text dimensions: Use either a basic sans serif textual style (Ariel, Calamari, OTTOMH) or Times New Roman (a straightforward serif text style). Notwithstanding which text style you select, utilize a similar textual style for the whole report. Try not to utilize italics anytime in your report. Utilize the accompanying text dimensions and designs: Cover Page Title: 22 point, intense, underlined, focused Cover Page SubTitle: 16 point, focused Headings: 16 point ,striking, underlined, focused Subheadings: 13 point, strong, underlined left-supported Body content: 1 point DELETE THIS PAGE BEFORE YOU HAND IN YOUR WORK! The Title Of Your Report The Subtitle of Your Report Your Name Your Student Number Professor’s Name Course Name Course Code Date Submitted Executive Summary Instructions: The heading â€Å"Executive Summary’ is standard and ought to stay unaltered on this page. An Executive Summary is the last thing that a writer gets ready when composing a business report. It ought to contain NO MORE than three passages, each with three or four sentences. The Executive Summary ought to never surpass one page. Section One: Introduce the subject of the report. Passage Two: Discuss the principle problem(s) that the report inspects. Section Three: Review, quickly, any ends or suggestions that the report offers. A peruser should get a sensible portrayal of the general substance from perusing these three sections. Chapter by chapter list These page numbers are given as tests. Utilize the genuine page numbers for your report. Put real headings and subheadings according to your real report. Presentation First Topic Heading Subheading 2 Second Topic Heading 3 Third Topic Heading 4 Recommendations Conclusion References 5 Appendices 6 Appendix One 7 Appendix Two 8 †Title Appendix Three †Title 9 Appendix Four †Title 10 The Table of Contents shows the peruser where to discover explicit substance regions. On the off chance that you have arranged a solid framework before composing your report (enthusiastically suggested), the headings, subheadings and other data ought to be effectively accessible and plainly sorted out. This model shows three headings and two subheadings for each, anyway this is Just for the motivations behind this model. There is no set sum for these components. Use the same number of each as you feel are proper to develop an omelet report. Supplement the precise page number for each relating component. It is frequently best to build this chapter by chapter guide after all substance is readied and altered. This will take into account less modifications to the list of chapters. The supplements show any information tables, outlines, diagrams, or visuals that you allude to inside the body of the report. Such visual material ought to show up toward the end in an index as opposed to occupying page room inside the body of the report. A note about page numbers: The main page of the report is the page that follows this list of chapters and should documentation a couple of basic sections to the subject, trailed by the primary significant point heading. Be that as it may, the primary page NUMBER ought to show up on page two. It is standard to forget about the page number on page one. Presentation Marketing has been changed drastically for most recent fifty years. These days it comprises of a wide range of and complex devices for each specific kind of business. With steady changes innovative advancement, in the manner in which shoppers discuss by and by and expertly, showcasing is a pushing ahead consistently. Presently, it happens on the web, disconnected and wherever in the middle. With the pervasiveness of online networking, portable web associations and on-request data, the 21st century presents another difficulties and open doors for advertisers. To comprehend these difficulties and openings could be critical for accomplishment of advertising efforts and, as result, for organizations in 21st century. Besides, present day advertisers ought to see how to understand specific difficulties and how to utilize specific open doors as viably as could be expected under the circumstances. Difficulties The advertising calling is experiencing a significant change. Customarily, advertising centers around three key obligations: understanding the client, how ND where to market and building the brand guarantee. These duties are presently changing into new measurements that expect advertisers to work and team up in an unexpected way. We are discussing the new advertising goals of understanding the customer as an individual, having an away from of the customer experience Journey or the frameworks of commitment and in conclusion, coordinating the company’s culture and brand to be genuinely one. With today’s Big Data, an advertiser can possibly change his/her job and utilize the new bits of knowledge to drive vital choices for development and nominative favorable position. Large Data-?the gigantic volume, assortment, veracity and speed of information being delivered ?holds enormous potential for the advertising capacity. With the correct showcasing blend, advertising experts can utilize Big Data to more readily comprehend singular clients, anticipate their practices, make custom fitted connections and amplify the estimation of every collaboration. Gone are where we Just discussion about getting markets. We have moved onto a littler bunny gap that guarantees substantially more. Advertisers currently need to see every client as a person. Subheading Sample content Lore pipes dollar sit met, developed prompting first class. Vestibules magna Guam, entertainer at congou neck, Venetians a fells. UNC resplendent, veldt AC color poison, sapiens veldt ensuing invalid, id excusing est. Eros et dangers. Vamps subsequent bend trustier dangers resplendent a frangible NIST resulting. Lines at trustier Eros. Duds sit met Eros seed UNC ensuing mantis e vitae Guam. Yearly offices caulis torpor id plainer. In plenteous NIST test dangers life saver placemat. Name AC malamutes magna. Present trustier appear AC pipes addendum an elaborate Guam ultraists. Suspensions at circular segment NIST. Ut cover dodo mass. Anne get pipes Eros, test plenteous one of a kind. Group subsequent valuate murmurs, et pose urn binding non. Earlier torpor NIST, binding a bacchius fixing, announcement e Mauritius. Dreary veldt pipes, life saver addendum rhombus in, component get urn. Vamps seed felts et est. cabinet aliquot. Present test urn risk. In seed flop dodo, prompting moll’s ague. In biennium nib UT pipes binding UT desires needs valuate. Lines get meets novel. Mauritius cabinet mass e tip top seats UT clique’s Just vestibules. Passels snicker pipes sit met dollar offices a frangible tells color. Group at magna legend, UT groove first class. Suspensions rests resulting Eros, et interned fells placemat UT. Anne UT needs el

The Impossible Budget Deficit Essay Example for Free

The Impossible Budget Deficit Essay In his article, â€Å"Trouble, Trouble, Debt, and Bubble,† Tabb (2006) composes that the United States is bringing in unmistakably more than it is exporting.â The high utilization of the United States is expected predominantly to the explanation that the rich individuals of the nation must keep up their privileged status and elevated expectations of living.â But the nation isn't acquiring enough to help its expenditure.â At some time, the United States would likewise get unfit to pay the enthusiasm on the outside obligation that today is utilizing to keep up its high utilization.  The nation may get bankrupt at such time, and the remainder of the world would endure on the grounds that it would not have the United States to purchase its products.  â â â While the author’s examination bodes well, I would not accuse the privileged buyer specifically for keeping up high consumption.â I accept that the industrialist or the business of the United States is similarly responsible.â The creator additionally makes reference to the connection of the U.S. dollar’s incentive to the worldwide economy.â An abatement in the interest for U.S. dollars can prompt a deterioration of the estimation of the money concerning another country’s currency.â Indeed, the fall of the U.S. dollar would end up being a revile for the worldwide economy, despite the fact that it might profit the U.S. economy for quite a while (Tabb).  By making U.S. trades less expensive to different nations, it would build the total interest for U.S. merchandise which would thus give the United States the salary that it needs to fuel high consumption.â The United States can plan to diminish its present record shortage and exchange shortfall through the decrease of the dollar, for clearly making U.S. merchandise and ventures less expensive to remote shippers might just expand the total interest of U.S. merchandise and ventures, along these lines energizing the development of the U.S. economy.â Still, the advantages to the U.S. economy may in the end be counterbalanced by a fall in the total flexibly of remote products into the U.S. advertise, seeing as outside countries would remain to lose by offering to the U.S. shopper market and confronting a decreased dollar esteem consequently.  â â â Tabb doesn't offer genuine answers for the issue that the U.S. economy is looking at present.â All the equivalent, clearly the whole worldwide economy is in peril due to the difficulties confronting the United States economy.â Thus, Tabb’s article offers nourishment for genuine thought.â It is amazing, yet basic to think about. References Tabb, W. T. (2006). â€Å"Trouble, Trouble, Debt, and Bubble.† Monthly Review, Vol. 58, Number 1. Recovered Nov 25, 2007 from http://www.monthlyreview.org/0506tabb.htm.

Newspaper Analysis Free Essays

The first page of a paper gives a lot of data on different subjects. Most papers incorporate a climate conjecture, a list or brief portrayal of articles inside the paper, and a little games scorecard to go with the neighborhood and national news. Papers additionally focus on the best way to catch the eye of perusers. We will compose a custom exposition test on Paper Analysis or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now They most normally utilize a bigger, darker sort of print, blend of shading, and additionally pictures on the first page of the paper. A paper s work is to refresh individuals on the happenings around the globe just as in their own locale. Network size frequently may impact or even direct the discoveries on the first page of a paper. Regularly the first page of a paper gives an individual access on the discoveries all through the rest of the areas of the paper. A little file, or article depiction containing page numbers, generally shows a peruser what the remainder of paper contains. Going with this file, normally a gauge of the climate to come in the following scarcely any days figures out how to make it on the first page too. A few papers really spare the stalwart avid supporters some time by having a smaller than normal scoreboard recapping the scores of the day preceding. Recollect that this doesn t apply to all papers just to a few. Papers continually search for additional perusers and to help pull in these perusers many endeavor to spruce up their paper. While a few papers stay essential and plain, others add shading and size to textual style in an attempt to interest perusers. Foundation shading adds a little life to an in any case standard dull grayish that typically connects itself with papers. The bigger text style featured in strong to attract the eyes of a peruser that course gives each article its own customized title rather than essentially a lead in to the article itself. Negative impacts, additionally originate from the endeavor at adding life to the paper. A couple of perusers become disturbed with the consistent numerous page articles. The huge textual style makes articles little space appointed to it that a lot littler, so perusers much of the time wind up completing articles on a subsequent page. Pictures regularly brush the first page of papers. From neighborhood occasions to national debacles they accommodate a break in perusing. In any event, when perusing a book, numerous individuals skim the pages searching for pictures to give a picture to the compositions in that book. The photos don't really interface with the articles on the page either; numerous photos make the paper without a story behind them. These photos ordinarily vary here and there. In the event that an individual were to get a modest community paper they would in all likelihood notice a scope of articles from the town wide carport deal to the aftereffect of the football match-up on Friday night. On the off chance that an individual were to get a bigger based paper, they would see more articles managing the network. The distinction between papers fluctuates marginally. At the point when an individual perspectives or watches the photos from the large city paper they may discover some administration authorities shaking hands or individuals from another nation with upset looks defeating their countenances. In a nearby network the paper more than likely won't contain pictures pulled off the related press wire. Pictures on the first page of an unassuming community paper will show kids swimming, playing at a nearby park, or the rodeo sovereign. An individual won t get these photos on the front of a huge paper; actually, articles like these most probable would not exist in bigger papers. Like pictures, articles additionally vary from network to network. Very few little papers highlight articles about how the President marked another bill or impacted another settlement. The little papers will contain articles about the neighborhood office of trade or the ongoing educational committee bond issue. The bigger paper will examine an assortment of national news and perhaps work in certain subtleties of how the financial exchange is rising or falling. The bigger paper covers such huge numbers of various networks it is significant for them to stay up with the latest on the most recent news broadly with their sources. With sources acquired by the bigger paper their capacity to cover national news makes them the cash. Various papers spread various themes or issues. Papers realize data different subjects to individuals. Individuals consequently transfer this data to others, as a result telling others of the happenings in our reality. The significance of the paper takes us back in history to the hour of the Sons of Liberty. They were not far enough progressed to create a paper and scatter it among the settlements. They needed to send agents to gatherings to recount their abuse by the British. This just occurred through sorted out gatherings at various occasions. Little papers spread neighborhood news occurring around a few networks. Despite the fact that it covers a few networks, little papers make a vibe of an old neighborhood paper. Huge papers simply wear t make that vibe of an old neighborhood paper despite the fact that they additionally spread numerous networks. These papers are depended on to bring the individuals the national news that gets away from the littler papers. Their accentuation on national news makes them the main merchants. Each paper covers a considerable amount of news, just each paper s first page will contain the news they will show all through the staying of their paper. Just put make sure to discover national news go to the large city paper and for your nearby news get a little paper. Step by step instructions to refer to Newspaper Analysis, Essay models

MBA Admissions Interviews †What to Expect

At this time of year we tend to get a lot of questions about the MBA admissions interview process. If you have been invited to interview with one of your target business schools (congratulations!), then here are the main types of questions you can expect to hear: High-level questions about you Just like in a typical job interview, your interviewer will often start things off with Walk me through your resume or Tell me about yourself. This is your chance to take control of the admissions interview and explicitly state the two or three core messages that you want to get across. Practice is critical here you will want to develop and rehearse a two-three minute elevator pitch that describes your background, highlights your strengths, and provides a story beyond the plain facts stated on your resume. Questions about why you want to go to business school and your career goals A good elevator pitch will likely cover these questions some, but expect the interviewer to probe more deeply here. These questions also give you the chance to answer why you want to specifically go to the school in question, and the research that you do on the school will pay off here. You dont want to go overboard, but citing a few specifics about the program will show the interviewer that youve done your research and are sincerely interested in the school. Questions about specific experiences in your background Some schools will spend a majority of the interview in this area in order to better understand your background. These are the questions that famously start with, Tell me about a time when Your job here is to call on specific examples from your past, not to talk in hypothetical generalities. Use the SAR method: Situation (what the challenge or opportunity was), Action (what YOU specifically did), and Result (what you achieved through your action). Good luck in your interview! If you want more hands-on help, take a look at Veritas Preps MBA interview preparation services.  We  offer  a standalone service and its part of our all-inclusive MBA admissions consulting packages. Give us a call at 800-925-7737 to see how we can help you nail your admissions interviews. And, as always, be sure to  like us on Facebook  and  follow us on Twitter  to stay on top of the latest news and trends in MBA admissions!

Explore and analyse Websters treatment of women and their status in society as presented in The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi - Literature Essay Samples

Websters decision to cast strong female characters as the protagonists in his two most popular plays could have been considered highly controversial and unexpected by the audiences of his time. This unintended effect immediately seems to prompt a critical questioning of his rationale. The initial reaction of the modern theatre-goer prompted by the contentious discussion surrounding the strong central female characters in The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi may be to question whether Websters presentation of women in his plays is an accurate one, and if so, what the theatrical and social implications of this might amount to. However, perhaps a more relevant debate and one that might have been more interesting to the contemporary theatre-goer might take into account the playwrights presentation of the Duchess and Vittoria, but ultimately focus on whether Webster objectively had a social and moral purpose in furthering the rights of women at all (as it has been suggested). Alte rnatively, the argument that Webster was in fact merely a flamboyant showman wallowing in spectacular gore and death as part of an exciting plotline is another issue that should be considered when analysing the contentions of those critics that stand by the idea that Webster wrote simply to entertain his audiences, with no polemic in mind.Both the Duchess in The Duchess of Malfi and Vittoria in The White Devil display a failure, or at least a marked resistance, to conform to contemporary societal expectations, and yet they do so in quite different ways. While the Duchess seems to be presented as a virtuous and noble woman, Vittoria, appears at times to be more corrupt even than her unquestionably flawed society. However, the presentation of both female characters and their interactions with their male counterparts serve to highlight an intensely patriarchal society, apparently grounded in the strongly misogynistic streak particularly perceptible in the earlier Mediaeval Christianit y. Ferdinands very first orders to Bosola, To live ithe court, here: and observe the DuchessTo note all the particulars of her haviourWhat suitors do solicite her for marriageAnd whom she best affects: shes a young widow,I would not have her marry again (I, ii: 176 179), alert the audience to Ferdinands domineering, suspicious character. Even if convention held that noble widows should remain chaste after their husbands deaths, Ferdinands controlling nature may have seemed rather extreme even to the audiences of the time. Even Bosola questions, No sir? (line 180), but Ferdinands prompt rebuke, Do not you ask the reason: but be satisfied, I say I would not (181 182), is indicative of the threatening menace behind his actions. Evidence for this cruelty is found in Act III, scene ii, when Ferdinand hears from the Duchess that she has acted against his wishes and has remarried. His exceptionally hostile reaction to this information is to call her a vile woman (line 100) who should cut out [her] own tongueLest it bewray him [Antonio] (108 109). This response is part of a virulent attack that incorporates images of traditionally ominous night-time animals such as the wolf, the screech-owl, dogs, and monkeys; all animals frequently perceived as wicked. Directly associating these creatures with the lovers has the cumulative effect of insulting their honour and reputation in a very dark, threatening way.In a similar vein, Flamineo attempts to take control of his sister out of selfishness. Flamineos actions, however, contrast with Ferdinands command that the Duchess remain chaste. Flamineo seduces Vittoria in order to curry favour and further his career as the Dukes secretary. In doing so, he corrupts his sisters reputation; just as Ferdinand insulted Antonios honour, Flamineo slights Camillo: So unable to please a woman that like a Dutch doublet all his back is shrunk into his breeches (I, ii, 33 34). Vittoria is also subject to vitriolic abuse in the trial scene i n Act III: Monticelso, the Cardinal, labels her a whore (line 77), expounding upon that by describing whores using a number of grotesque similes: They are worse/Worse than dead bodies, which are beggd at gallows/And wrought upon by surgeons, to teach man/Wherein he is imperfect (95 98). The grotesque image of a rotting corpse juxtaposed against the clinical background of a surgeons table could be seen to mirror the situation in two ways: not only does it refer to Monticelsos metaphorical dissection of Vittoria as he publicly humiliates her, but it also reveals his belief that he is exposing her guilt. The latter interpretation seems to suggest Websters implicit undermining of Monticelsos perception of Vittoria. Webster compounds the apparent injustice against women by creating female protagonists who are intelligent, honourable and valiant even at the moment of death. Nowhere is this seen more clearly than in Act IV, scene i of The Duchess of Malfi, in which the Duchess, imprisone d and awaiting her inevitable murder, is subjected to a number of gruesome and cruel methods of psychological torture, including being forced to kiss a dead mans hand, see artificial figures of her Antonio and her children appearing as if they were dead, and having a group of madmen unleashed around her. However, her response to this persecution, though naturally one of horror, is always marked by extraordinary dignity. She courageously speaks out in defiance of Bosolas feigned reverence (All comfort to your Grace [line 18]), declaring almost insolently I will have none.Pray-thee, why dost thou wrap thy poisond pillsIn gold and sugar? (18 20). She displays her fortitude and strength of character when she aligns herself with Christ by forgiving her executioners and fixing her mind not on her imminent death, but on thother world (IV, ii, 213). Her intelligent powers of reasoning remain evident as she calmly explains to Bosola that she cannot be afraid of the manner of [her] death (21 3) with a number of astute rhetorical questions:What would it pleasure me, to have my throat cut/With diamonds? or to be smothered/With cassia? or to be shot to death, with pearls? (216 218). The Duchesss courage is also exemplified by her clever inversion of the horror of physical strangulation: she wills the executioners ropes to pull harder, wishing to figuratively pull heaven down towards her. In the audiences eyes, she dies the death of a martyr, slain at the hands of villains.Similarly, Webster seems to imbue Vittoria with an intelligence and calm endurance during her trial that contrasts sharply with the blustering lawyer and the venomous Monticelso. This serves to highlight the injustice being perpetrated against her. It is suggested that Vittorias rhetorical strategy of creating the impression of heroic scorn (That my defence of force like Perseus [135]) and innocence will convince the audience of her truthfulness, as she shrewdly comments, Temptation to lust proves not th e act (199). Her insistence that the lawyer speaks in the vernacular, not in hard and undigestible words (37) makes a pedantic fool of him; he stands in direct contrast to her marked lack of pretension. The injustice being perpetrated against Vittoria seems to be exacerbated by Websters presentation of her as judicious and incisive, not a whore.In creating The Duchess of Malfi and The White Devil, Webster draws on conventions endorsed by specific genres and various events from history, but transforms them for his own ends. One possible reason for these transformations is Websters desire to comment on the status of women, an endeavor that would have been impossible to achieve under traditional conventions. The Duchesss initiation of the wooing and marriage to her steward is indeed unconventional, as she herself admits when she says, For I am going into a wilderness,/Where I shall find nor path, nor friendly clew/To be my guide (I, i, 281 283). This is a clear inversion of the Jacobe an constraints of both gender and class. The traditional structure of a Jacobean drama is also significantly altered when the eponymous protagonist dies an entire act before the end of the play. Webster also chooses to significantly alter the historical scenarios behind his plots; these amendments frequently expose his desire to propel a more coherent, consistent message than that which could be conveyed with pure historical accuracy. For example, he chooses to allow the Duchesss eldest son to inherit the rank of his mother, thereby deviating from the source in order to authenticate her nonconformist marriage. Furthermore, in The White Devil Webster presents Isabella as virtuous and undeserving, pledging to pray for Bracciano and take on herself the blame for their separation, in hope of inspiring his repentance: I will make/Myself the author of your cursed vow (II, i, 217 218). However, the real Isabella was not nearly so virtuous indeed, she had another lover of her own. Similar ly, Webster intentionally omits the fact that Camillo (whose real name was Peretti) is actually very young: by transforming him into a feckless adult, he almost gives Vittoria an excuse for her adulterous behavior. While Websters deviations from traditional conventions and the original historical sources may simply be consequences of his desire for a different, perhaps more exciting, plot, it could also be suggested that the playwright wished to accentuate the virtuous characteristics of women and the negative attributes of men, thereby drawing attention to the gender divide.However, in exploring Websters treatment of the status of women in sixteenth-century Britain, it is important to look beneath the surface in order to avoid oversimplifying either the characters or our reactions to them. Closer analysis reveals that Webster actually created the Duchess and Vittoria not only as stock oppressed female characters, merely illustrations of the social constraints placed upon women at t he time, but also as realistic, human characters with a value that transcended mere representations of typical, noble, sixteenth-century Italian women. He does this by creating complex, multilayered characters: while stock characters would fit into a single mold (for example, tragic), these characters exhibit contradictions that seem to reveal their humanity. In examining this, we realize that the Duchess is a simplerfigure than Vittoria (although both exemplify human qualities). For example, while Vittoria is ultimately presented as a victim, swept up in the corruption of court life by the ambitious men around her, she herself is actually an adulterous woman who should most likely be vilified by the audience of the time. However, the audience is led to pity Vittoria, since the plays viewpoint is ambiguous. At times, Webster confuses our viewpoint in an effort to prompt us either to take an unconventional or unprecedented view, or enhance ambiguity by not explicitly instructing us about which viewpoint to take. For example, the plays perspective on the Duchesss re-marriage is ambiguous, and seems to emphasise her courage rather than her foolhardiness. The Renaissance was a time during which the individual was emphasized: this can be extended, although in a far more limited sense, to an increased emphasis placed on women, as well. In Websters works, the female protagonists actions are initially presented as heroic. However, the fate of the Duchess complicates this view, suggesting that female heroicism in such a patriarchal society has its limitations: were her actions really worth her death? The plays overt tragedy is often undermined by its subtle satire: quite often, this satire is perpetrated by Flamineo. This tragicomic aspect adds to the ambiguity that surrounds Websters presentation of an entire society steeped in exploitation and deception. It is perhaps because of this Webster was able to prevent the audience from sympathizing with individual characte rs, instead drawing our attention to the corruption of the society as a whole. One might easily conclude that Webster did not write either The Duchess of Malfi or The White Devil as a treatise on womens rights. While the sixteenth century did see the beginnings of the challenge to the status quo, and assertive female characters began to appear in dramatic works, actual changes for the better in the position of women at this time were distinctly limited. Dollimore suggests that rather than presenting a case for female emancipation, most Jacobean tragedy including Websters actually underscored the oppression of women, since this exploitation was part of the social order observed by the playwright. Webster, one might conclude, was not a radical he was not really trying to alter the perceived status of women. Instead, Webster harnessed the baser human instincts of his characters to show two sides of humanity positive and negative. It is thus possible to view his plays more as an obs ervational commentary on society than as a radical polemic.

Transcendentalism and Into the Wild - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1827 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/06/16 Category Philosophy Essay Level High school Tags: Into The Wild Essay Transcendentalism Essay Did you like this example? Into the Wild recalls the story of Chris McCandless and his journey into the Alaskan frontier. Throughout this experience Chris’s values, choices, beliefs and lifestyle are all examined. McCandless’s ideals and actions mirrored that of the transcendentalism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Transcendentalism and Into the Wild" essay for you Create order Transcendentalism was a movement in the 1830-40’s. This group led by Ralph Waldo Emerson had a unique set of beliefs and values. The group’s views were transfixed on individuality, the limitless potential of humans, emotion and feeling over intellect, â€Å"Transcendentalists believed in numerous values, however they can all be condensed into three basic, essential values: individualism,idealism, and the divinity of nature† (CITE), all of which are apparent through McCandless’s life. Chris was a nonconformist who found himself in solitude, and nature. Chris wanted to find and fill a transcendent experience. Transcendentalism was a movement in the 1830’s and 40’s in New England. They believed everyone could transcend limits and had limitless potential. They also believed that routine and constancy was never good for anyone and avoided it. Individualism was a priority for them, and they held this belief towards many topics including government. They did not believe in big-government but rather in self government. The transcendentalists valued self-reliance has a way of life that mirrored their sporadic lifestyles. The first sign of Chris McCandless’s lifestyle, beliefs and values mirrored the transcendentalist philosophy, when upon graduating from college Chris changed his name. â€Å" he intended to invent an utterly new life for himself, one in which he would be free to wallow in unfiltered experience. To symbolize the complete severance from his previous life, he even adopted a new name.† (Krauknaur 18). He name himself Alexander Supertramp. This completely defies what society puts in place as a guideline for traditional life. By stripping himself of his birth name, it was representative of him starting a new life. He was longer following the blazed by his parents or society. He was going against the grain. Chris’s â€Å"‘great Alaskan odyssey†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬  (Kraunaur 33) was completely representative of the transcendentalist philosophy. One concept the transcendentalists believed was that personal experience led to the deepest truth. By going to Alaska by himself and experiencing it without restrictions, Chris was able to fully obtain his own personal truth and find himself as a person. This is evident through the journal excerpt left by Chris. Chris disregarded rules as pointless and did not follow them unless he thought necessary. Even in his teenage years he showed a strong disregard of the restrictions imposed by others. His highschool teacher had specific rules on the format of a lab reports, â€Å"Chris thought it was a stupid rule and decided to ignore it† (Krakauer 76), and as a result he received an F in the class. Similarly, the transcendentalists believed that each person had the right to make decisions for themselves without influence from higher authority. Their views were the same as Chris’s, as they too thought the rules set by other were of little importance. Individual conscience was more important than laws or rules. Leaders of the movement, such as Henry David Thoreau, encouraged this behavior of self government and the disillusionment with large overbearing governments. McCandless also voices his opinion on government, â€Å"How I feed myself is none of the government’s business. F *** their stupid rules† (Krakauer 7). Both agreed that government should not have such an active role. Henry David Thoreau voiced this through his writing, Civil Disobedience, â€Å"I believe,—â€Å"That government is best which governs not at all†¦Ã¢â‚¬  They both share the view of self-government/authority. Transcendentalist valued in individuality and self-reliance. They believed personal growth was achieved through experience. The purpose of Chris’s journey was to find himself and prove to himself that he could make it on his own. In the Alaskan frontier he was completely self-reliant having to fend for himself in entirety. Chris secluded himself from the town in attempt to find himself. He cut off relationship with his family and a â€Å"normal† lifestyle. Henry David Thoreau embarked on a similar endeavor which he accounted in his writing, Walden. He spent two years at Walden where he attempted to live secluded and off the grid. When Ron Franz tried to adopt Chris as his grandson, Chris was hesitant towards his offer. In a letter he sent to Fran his strong belief of individuality was evident, â€Å"You are wrong if you think Joy emanates only or principally from human relationships† (Kraunaur 41). Chris’s lifestyle was also very unpredictable, he never stayed in one place for an extended amount of time. This corresponds to the belief that routine is bad for a person. Transcendentalist believed that consistency and routine should be avoided, and that changing behavior is necessary to learn. Routines combat and diminish individuality. Chris tried to defies this sense of confinement and â€Å"We just have to have the courage to turn against our habitual lifestyle and engage in unconventional living† (Krauknaur 41). He alienate himself from others. Much like the transcendentalist, Chris believed in simplicity. â€Å"I say, let your affairs be as two or three, and not a hundred or a thousand; instead of a million count half a dozen, and keep your accounts on your thumb nail† (Walden). People often get caught up in the details and loose focus on the important things. As best quoted by Henry David Thoreau, â€Å"Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity!† This is the lifestyle that McCandless embodied and pursued. He ventured into the Alaskan frontier with only the bare essentials. The amount of supplies he had for his journey seemed minimal, â€Å"His gear seemed exceedingly minimal for the harsh conditions of the interior, which in April still lay buried under the winter snowpack† (Kraukaur 6). This new life he was trying to find was one that was desolate. In college Chris’s apartment was bare and desolate, only a few thing were in the space. â€Å"I don’t want to know what time it is. I donâ€℠¢t want to know what day it is or where I am. None of that matters† (CITE). Chris did not see value in materialistic things. He burnt all of his money and abandoned his car because he simply did not need them, â€Å"He changed his name, gave the entire balance of a twenty-four-thousand-dollar savings account to charity, abandoned his car and most of his possessions, burned all the cash in his wallet† â€Å"McCandless documented the burning of his money†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Krauknaur 21). He never allowed society’s standards to define him. His give all of his money away to the OXFAM America charity. This simplistic lifestyle was preached by transcendentalist, such as Thoreau. â€Å"Instead of three meals a day, if it but necessary eat one; instead of a hundred dishes, five; and reduce other things in proportion†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Walden). Nothing in excess was preached, and the main focus was trying to achieve this transcendental experience Kinship and unity with nature was highly valued belief within both of their lifestyles. Nature was regarded as a guide for humanity. Chris had sought the guidance when went into the woods in search of himself. Also when he shot and killed the moose he was excited but soon became distraught over the act, â€Å"I now wish I had never shot the moose. One of the greatest tragedies of my life† (Krauknaur 114). This displays his deep connection to nature. â€Å"If a plant cannot live according to its nature, it dies; and so a man† (Thoreau #). Chris alway felt rejuvenated and childlike in nature. Even into his twenties he felt the same way, â€Å"Chris loved those trips, the longer the better. There was always a little wanderlust in the family, and it was clear early on that Chris had inherited it† (Krauknaur 75). His family was sure to note the contentment he got from these excursions. In Nature, by Ralph Waldo Emerson, he states, â€Å"The lover of nature is he whos e inward and outward senses are still truly adjusted to each other; who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood† (Nature). This corresponds to the trandentalistic belief that nature makes any one feel youthful. The transcendentalist were nonconformists, viewing society a thief of individuality. Chris, along with transcendentalist, were fed up with society trying to conform them. People often talked about Chris voicing his views on this topic, â€Å"he’d fulminate about his parents or politicians or the endemic idiocy of mainstream American life† (Kraunaur 37). Both believed that Careers are meant to constant and stable. They tend to keep a person in the sam spot for and extended period of time. Chris had no intention of settling down and finding a career prior to his trip. â€Å"When Walt and Billie suggested that he needed a college degree to attain a fulfilling career, Chris answered that careers were demeaning â€Å"twentieth-century inventions,† more of a liability than an asset, and that he would do fine without one, thank you† (Kraukanur 79). â€Å"Imitation is Suicide† (Self-Reliance). To be the same has everyone else was not something they wanted. The first sign of Chris McCandless’s lifestyle, beliefs and values mirrored the transcendentalist philosophy, when upon graduating from college Chris changed his name. â€Å" he intended to invent an utterly new life for himself, one in which he would be free to wallow in unfiltered experience. To symbolize the complete severance from his previous life, he even adopted a new name.† (Krauknaur 18). He name himself Alexander Supertramp. This completely defies what society puts in place as a guideline for traditional life. By stripping himself of his birth name, it was representative of him starting a new life. He was longer following the blazed by his parents or society. It was quite evident that Chris had no intention of settling down and finding a career prior to his trip. â€Å"When Walt and Billie suggested that he needed a college degree to attain a fulfilling career, Chris answered that careers were demeaning â€Å"twentieth-century inventions,† more of a liability than an asset, and that he would do fine without one, thank you† (Kraukanur 79). This mirrors the transcendentalist value of avoiding constiancy. They had drilled Chris with the thoughts of Harvard Medical School, which for them meant happiness and success. But this was not what Chris wanted for himself, thus the name change was him breaking out of this mold and animated life they had created for him. â€Å"When Walt and Billie suggested that he needed a college degree to attain a fulfilling career, Chris answered that careers were demeaning â€Å"twentieth-century inventions,† more of a liability than an asset, and that he would do fine without one, thank youâ €  (Kraukanur 79). He did not want to be like everyone else which showed his individualism and how he was avoiding consistency, When he is hopeful of return, he writes â€Å"happiness is real when shared† (Kraunaur #). Prior to his exertion he had a completely different mindset, but after experiencing life in the wild he was able to find out what his true beliefs and values were.